African cuisine is known for its rich and complex flavors, and a big part of this is due to the unique spices and herbs that are used in African cooking. Here is a primer on some of the most common African spices and herbs, and how they are used in African cuisine:

Berbere: Berbere is a spice blend that is commonly used in Ethiopian and Eritrean cuisine. It is made from a combination of chili peppers, garlic, ginger, and other spices, and it is used to add heat and flavor to dishes.

Grains of paradise: Grains of paradise are a type of spice that is native to West Africa. They have a spicy, slightly bitter flavor and are often used in stews and soups.

Fenugreek: Fenugreek is a herb that is commonly used in African cuisine. It has a slightly bitter, maple-like flavor and is often used to add depth and complexity to dishes.

Peri peri: Peri peri is a type of chili pepper that is native to Africa. It has a spicy, tangy flavor and is often used to add heat to dishes.

Grains of Selim: Grains of Selim are a type of spice that is native to West Africa. They have a slightly bitter, smoky flavor and are often used in stews and soups.

Kaffir lime leaves: Kaffir lime leaves are a common ingredient in African cuisine, and they are used to add a citrusy, floral flavor to dishes. They are often used in curries, stews, and soups.

Garlic: Garlic is a commonly used ingredient in African cuisine, and it is often used to add flavor and depth to dishes. It has a pungent, slightly spicy flavor and is used both fresh and dried in African cooking.

Ginger: Ginger is another commonly used ingredient in African cuisine, and it is often used to add warmth and flavor to dishes. It has a pungent, spicy flavor and is often used fresh, grated, or ground into a powder.

Overall, African spices and herbs are an essential part of African cuisine, and they are used to add flavor, heat, and complexity to dishes. From the spicy kick of berbere to the tangy citrus flavor of kaffir lime leaves, there are many ingredients to explore and enjoy in African cooking.